Respiration

ALL organisms use respiration to store energy in the form of ATP. The ATP is used for a variety of different life activities such as walking and active transport.
This type of respiration is specifically Cellular Respiration

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

In the prescence of Oxygen. This is VERY efficient.
Glucose and oxygen--Yields-->Carbon Dioxide + Water + 34-36 ATPs.
Most of the aerobic phase occurs inside the mitochondria.

More Info

Anerobic Cellular Respiration

No Oxygen is present. This is NOT very efficient.
Glucose and 2 ATP's--Yields-->Lactic Acide + 4 ATPs.
Net gain of only 2 ATPs. Lactic Acid will fatigue muscles.

A special form of anerobic respiration is fermentation. This is done by yeast to produce alcohol for the wine and beer industries.

Glucose and 2 ATPs-->Yields-->Ethyl Alcohol + Carbon Dioxode + 4 ATPs
Still only a net gain of 2 ATP's
This is used in baking industry for the rising of cakes and breads. It is also used in the beer and wine industries.

Compare and contrast this to aerobic respiration

Adaptations

Aerobic Organisms must take in Oxygen and release Carbon Dioxide. This must occur across a moist, thin respiratory membrane

Protists and Hydra

The cell membrane and use of water as a vehicle of transport (Diffusion)

Earthworm

Has moist skin and uses blood with hemoglobin as a vehicle of transport

Grasshopper

Has a special system of tracheal tubes and spiracles with the respiratory gases NOT travelling in the blood

Humans

Have alveoli-- airs sacs in the lung for the diffusion of gases from the blood to the air. We also have Hemoglobin to help us with Oxygen transport

Open Ended Question

Trace the trip of an carbon atom from the air into a corn plant. Then eaten by a squirrel and back into the air. Include the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.